Amazon River Essays

Amazon River Essays Amazon River Essay Amazon River Essay Introduction: In our world there are lots of river in the world which have different importances, the Amazon River is the one. The Amazon River is the one of world highest levels of biodiversity. Running out to the South Africa there is the Amazon River and Amazon rainforest which are the 2nd largest river and the largest rainforest in the world. The Amazon River is also the largest drainage basin in the world. Because of its large dimensions, it also called  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The River Sea†. As one of the most extreme place on the earth this research will tell you about insight information and specific data of the Amazon River. 103 words Geographical location: The Amazon River is not the longest river in the world however, it pass through many countries in South America. Its tributaries flow through the countries of Peru, Bolivia, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, and Brazil before emptying into the Atlantic Ocean 6, 437 kilometres from the Amazons headwaters in the top of Andes Mountains of Peru. The length of the Amazon had been argued about which place the true source of the Amazon is. Nowadays, the satellite technology was helped researchers to calculate the river’s dimensions more accurately. The Brazil’s  National Institute for Space Research selected to use the southern channel and estuary as begin of measurement. Their final measurement for the length of the Amazon from Apacheta Creek which is the place that they decided to be the source of the river to the mouth of Marajo Bay was about 6,992 km(this fact may prove that Amazon is the longest river in the world). The Amazon Basin is the largest drainage basin in the world. It covers approximately 40 percent of South America around 7,050,000 square kilometres. It found just next to the Pacific Ocean. The Amazon River and forest is forested areas that become flooded every rainy season. Every year the water level rises more than 9 metres, flooding the surrounding forests called as flooded forests. In an average  dry season, 110,000 square kilometres of land are water-covered, while in the  wet season, the flooded area of the Amazon Basin rises to 350,000 square kilometres. The volume of water it carries from the Amazon River to the Atlantic Ocean is enormous: up to 300,000 cubic metres per second in the rainy season, with an average of 209,000 cubic metres per second from 1973 to 1990. The end of the Amazon River is the Atlantic Ocean (at Marajo Bay) 285 words History: Due to the fact that the flood in Amazon area is not a big event because Amazon is the largest drainage area in the world which made Amazon forests a flooded area every rainy season this have an effect on transporting system. In the past centuries, transporting system mostly use a boat to travel from place to place. Then, new age of transportation in Amazon area is started from 6 September, 1850 the emperor, Pedro II when he sanctioned the law authorizing steam navigation on the Amazon. This opened commerce on Para and Manaus, Manaus and Tabatinga, Para and Cameta, the Madeira, Purus and Negro with the steamboats. On 31 July 1867 the government of Brazil, pressed by countries encircling the  upper Amazon  basin, to open the water route every nations. The  mercantile  development associated with  steamboat  navigation, coupled with the internationally driven demand for  natural rubber  (1880–1920), this brought Amazon local country benefits. The first direct foreign trade with Manaus was commenced around 1874 this local trade along the river bring the Amazon Steam Navigation Company had 38 vessels. By the turn of the 20th century, the principal exports of the Amazon Basin were  India-rubber,  cacao beans,  Brazil nuts  and a few other products of minor importance, such as  pelts  and  exotic  forest produce (resins, barks, woven  hammocks, prized bird  feathers, live animals, etc. and extracted goods (lumber, gold, etc. ). Then, the demand of rubber from the Allied forces in World War II increased. After the World War II the long-term development plans continued. Roads were cut through the forests, and in 1970, the work on the  Trans-Amazonian highway  network began. 274 words Impact of h uman Use: According to the fact that the Amazon River is the extreme place in the world about biodiversity, resourceful place and Largest river in the world etc. , this make people interest to live, to use it commercially and to travel. First we focus on living of people in Amazon areas. There are at least 100 uncontacted tribes or groups of people who inhabit the  rainforest. These people are harmed by natural disaster, disease and other load of obstacles. Live on the water is not only to find food, eat and sleep. The one that going to survive is the one who organised and prepared for everything such as food, shelter, drugs and place to use as toilet. When it was people living in Amazon the boating and shipping is start too. Fishing on Amazon River was happen for centuries but there is no control even now it still no rules over fishing activity. Boating is due to the transportation system especially water way. Boating are not only makes life under water panic but it also effect the chemical rate of water when the petroleum things drop out into water from the boat engine or crash of boat also make river become toxin. The shipping is also the aspect that we look for. It is related to boating because to shipping things on the river you need to transport on water way. It gets same problems as Boating but the last aspect is the main problemâ€Å"tourism†. The most attractive tour is Amazon cruise tour. It is going to offer an intimate tropical natural experience. The tourism help country gain money but lot of tourist is not a cooperative people for the natural protection rules. 280 words Pollutants: The pollutant which found in the Amazon River is a producing of pig iron, petroleum environment problems and the most pollutant is gold rush from gold mining which using large amount of mercury to extract the gold were released into rivers and caused the fish, which are so important in the local diet, to become unsafe to eat. The research discovered the hair of people who live far from the mercury problem source as samples taken from adults contained an average mercury level of 15. 9 micrograms per gram (15. 9 parts per million). This amount of exposure is well below the threshold of 50 micrograms  per gram considered safe by the World Health Organization (WHO). The  WHO  threshold is based on the lowest level at which scientists in previous studies have reported the first clinical signs of mercury poisoning in adults. In fact, the study revealed a direct relationship between declining coordination and increasing levels of methyl mercury in peoples hair that live next to the mercury problem source. The research had discovered that mercury can damage human health even at levels well below accepted international safety standards. The investigation into the cause of mercury contamination in the Amazon is one of many projects which explain about what is going on at Amazon river and what was it effect. This knowledge can then be used to develop policies toward the better management of ecosystems in order to improve Amazon River and human health. 242 words Impact of a proposed: The amount water in the Amazon River can use to run hydroelectric power plants effectively. The energy requirements of both the Carajas development and the city of Belem are met by the giant  Tucurui  hydroelectric plant on the Tocantins River, one of the largest  hydroelectric power  stations in the world. A more modest hydroelectric facility on a small river north of Manaus supplies that city with power. A growing sensitivity to the harmful consequences for both  our life  and the environment due to the construction of large dams has caused projects to be placed on hold. The principal  oil  developments within Amazonia have taken place in the Oriente regions of the Andean countries. Oil pipelines originate from districts in both Colombia (the upper Putumayo) and Ecuador (Agrio Lake), as well as north eastern Peru, and end at  export terminals on the Pacific coast. Within the Brazilian and Bolivian portions of the basin, developments have been of minimal consequence. To understand and solve problem of construction of dam and hydro-electric power project we need to know that human use water especially damming and agricultural has affected over 77 percent of the annual discharge of the large rivers in the northern third of the world. While offering some benefit to humans, these dams reduce the ability of rivers to transport water. Dams also block the passage of fish upstream to spawning grounds. So construction of dam and sluice is very important but the large one would affect the ecosystem too much so why don’t you build it in many part of the river and it will less affect the whole of the ecosystem. In the same way as dam construction problems, the bridge oil and gas is need for South America people. But the way to solve is to keep it safer than normal pipeline and check it frequently to make sure and safe a nature. 310 words Conclusion: Amazon is the largest river in the world in volume and in area of drainage asin its basin encompasses the world’s most extensive rainforest and is home to an extraordinary diversity. It was also generated the economics of nations. These facts make Amazon become important river but it can also bring dirtiness to the river. So, everyone especially local people, tourist and government agency need to realize that Amazon also need to be protect because the water protect us and give us opportunities to live better. I think that if everything is done as my recommendation the problem might be solved especially the dam construction problems. 106 words

Industrial Revolution Essays

Industrial Revolution Essays Industrial Revolution Essay Industrial Revolution Essay The Industrial Revolution was a period from the 18th to the 19th century where major changes in agriculture, manufacturing and technology had a profound effect on the socioeconomic and cultural conditions of the world. The Industrial Revolution began in the United Kingdom as large deposits of coal and iron were found throughout the land which brought the rise of factories and machines, the idea then subsequently spread throughout the world. It was perhaps one of the greatest moments in human history, as it gave rise to industrialization and the switch from manpower to machine power. It completely revolutionized the world and forever changed the course of humanity. However, many scholars and historians believe that the Industrial Revolutions benefits didnt outweigh the negative impacts it brought upon the world. I for one believe that the benefits brought upon by the Industrial Revolution Justify the negative impacts it had on the world. Without the Industrial Revolution, the world as we know it wouldnt exist. The Industrial Revolution brought about immense economic benefits not only for Great Britain but for all the countries in the world who commenced the process of ndustrialization. It led to a rapid increase in technology, which affected production rates. Since factories were creating goods with machines and little human assistance, everything was being mass produced. Machines made it possible to produce a greater quantity of goods at a faster rate so to satisfy the rules of supply and demand, the prices of goods dropped and many people were able to afford to spend money. Throughout history many have said that imperialism was a bad consequence of the Industrial Revolution, but I believe it happened to boost economic benefits. The impact of this change on society was enormous. The first Industrial Revolution, which began in the 18th century, merged into the Second Industrial Revolution around 1850, when technological and economic progress gained momentum with the development of steam-powered ships, railways, and later in the 19th century with the internal combustion engine and electrical power generation. The period of time covered by the Industrial Revolution varies with different historians. Eric Hobsbawm held that it broke out in Britain in the 1780s and was not fully felt until the 1830s or 1840s, while T. S. Ashton held that it occurred roughly between 1760 and 1830. The Industrial Revolution that occurred in the 19th century was of great importance to the economic future of the United States. Three industrial developments led the way to industrialization in America. Transportation was expanded, electricity was harnessed, and improvements were made to industrial processes. The major difference was the very definition of rural and urban; rural life was based around farming and agriculture while urban was based in cities/towns. Another important difference was that life was much cleaner in the rural areas and rural people actually had a longer ife expectancy than urban ones; the cards later switched once the revolution focused on sanitizing. In urban areas, there are more resources given to the public. Where in rural areas, most people have to go into town to get their resources. Unless much quieter than urban areas because there arent as many people who live in them as people live in urban areas. Most rural slaves had to do hard farm labor, while urban slaves were usually domestics. Rural way of life disappeared mainly because there were more Jobs voluntarily available in the big cities thus, everyone was moving away to the cities. There were major developments and inventions in agriculture, manufacture, and travel that eventually spread throughout Europe and North America. Industry and manufacturing that was once all by hand could now be done by machine. It all started with the textile industry and spread to other products. Factories were built and steam powered machinery increased the manufacture. Enormous amounts of coal had to be burned to make enough steam to power the machines. Increased products meant that more goods needed to be transported, so canals were built, and roads and railways improved. Towards the middle of the 19th entury, steam-powered ships and railways meant progress got faster. Then later in the century, electricity and the development of the internal combustion engine increased the pace at which goods were manufactured and transported. There are plenty of reasons as to why people moved from rural areas to urban areas. Better Job opportunities and salary, and Jobs in rural areas usually require a lot of physical effort, whereas most Jobs in urban areas Just involve sitting behind a desk. People in urban areas are usually payed more than people in rural areas. Also, the luxuries of the urban world attract the people of rural areas. Most rural are agriculture based. An agriculturists needs are pretty simple. They revolve mostly around domestic needs only, whereas urban areas, everything revolves around technology that makes life easier. Large masses of people moving from rural to urban areas, causes an occurrence called, urbanization. Urbanization leads to overpopulation, pollution, and various other problems. Due to urbanization, the boundaries of the urban areas expand into the rural areas. This causes forced urbanization, as people who live in the rural areas are forced into the urban area and the ways of the urban people. Lastly, the standards of living and the standards of education are higher in urban areas. This may also be one of the reasons why people move from urban to rural areas. The effects of all this rapid change on society were enormous. More and more people left the land and went to towns and cities to work in factories. The growth of the towns couldnt keep up with the number of people pouring into them, and so housing was hard to get and people lived in slums in appalling circumstances. The differences between rural to urban life were significant, and we should be very appreciative of what we have now and the history behind it.